While on travels in the Mandarin Islands, Louis Trevelyan meets and then, on return to England, marries Emily Rowley, the eldest daughter of the governor of the Islands. They seem ideally suited, but Emily’s mother spots a potential sore spot: they both like to have their “own way.”

For two years, and with the birth of their child, all goes well. But when the philandering Colonel Osborne—a lifelong friend of Emily’s father—comes calling in the Trevelyan home, their equilibrium is disastrously unsettled. The young husband imperiously insists on the older man’s exclusion; the proud and insulted wife insists she has every right to see her father’s old friend in all innocence.

This conflict sets in motion Anthony Trollope’s epic study of pride, forgiveness and its lack, and pathological jealousy. Louis Trevelyan is the “he” of the book’s title, and his monomaniacal journey into a psychological abyss is the novel’s central story. Equally, however, the book could have been titled She Knew She Was Right, as that captures Emily’s core conviction equally well.

In his autobiography, Trollope made the frank confession: “I look upon the story as being nearly altogether bad.” He felt he had failed to create some sense of sympathy for the main protagonist that he had in mind at the story’s inception. Later critics haven’t agreed with Trollope’s judgment. His handling of Trevelyan’s mental claustrophobia and burgeoning paranoia is considered to be one of his finest achievements of psychological depiction in literature. Trollope also considered the novel’s rich and complex subplots to be more successful than its central story—another failing, in his estimation. Yet these subplots aren’t random tales bolted on to the main action: rather, each of the strands depicts characters who are headstrong, preferring their “own way,” and yet without the tragic consequences of Trevelyan’s story. They even hint at the possibility of redemption. Artistically, they also display a lightness of touch that counterbalances the darker main thread.

Trollope includes a number of direct quotations from, and allusions to, Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, another story of destructive and misplaced sexual jealousy. Trollope’s transformations of the older work demonstrate both his fine imagination and his assured technical skill in this extraordinary novel. Frank Kermode is certainly justified in calling He Knew He Was Right “in some respects [Trollope’s] most striking achievement.”